Archive for September, 2009

The Daily Dig - High Speed Rail Edition

Friday, September 18th, 2009

Japan's Shinkansen bullet train
.

  • A Salt Lake City to Vegas high speed link strikes us as a bit far-fetched, but transportation planners in Colorado, Nevada, Utah, Arizona have cobbled together a Western HSR Alliance lobby to link those cities with Denver and Phoenix. (Las Vegas Sun)
  • In Britain a new plan has been unveiled for a 900-mile HSR network running up both the east and west coasts. One of it’s authors says, “This report calls for us to do something uncharacteristic in Britain, which is to be bold and brave and to think long-term.” Sounds familiar! (Guardian)
  • Sweden already has train service at 125 mph between it’s three largest cities. Now’s considering a $17 billion investment to upgrade the system to high speeds, which would halve travel times. That’s weird because in America, 125 mph would be mind-blowingly fast… (The Local)
  • One investment report is betting that Japan’s next big export industry will be HSR equipment: “It looks like an international campaign to export locomotives, switches, and other components of the national Shinkansen ‘bullet train’ system may be the thing that gets the country’s economy back on the rails.” (Green Chip Stocks)
  • It’s amazing that anybody would look to the US to learn about HSR. But some Canadian lawmakers are doing just that, making the trek down from America’s Hat to observe the theoretically high-speed Acela train making a low-speed trip from NY to DC. (AHN)
  • White House advisor Jared Bernstein calls the $8 billion in stimulus funds for HSR a “downpayment” — a way to “incentivize private-sector capital sitting on the sidelines.” That’s the government’s role, he says, “not to build this stuff by ourselves.” (Reuters)
  • The idea sounds fanciful, but the money is real: Tennessee and Georgia have snagged $14 million to study a maglev link between Chatanooga and Atlanta. The idea would be to eventually connect the line to Nashville and Chicago. (Atlanta Jornal Const.)

Here’s How We Should Build Out A High Speed Rail Network

Thursday, September 17th, 2009

screenhunter_01-sep-17-1323

Sometimes it’s comforting to have a rigorous, numbers-based analysis tell you something you already pretty much know. In this case, most Americans understand that there are intercity corridors in this country that would be ideally suited for high speed rail investment. But the smart folks at America 2050 have done a great deal in advancing the national conversation by putting together a report (pdf) that ranks which potential HSR routes are the best candidates for investment–that is, which will have the greatest ridership demand.

The rankings are based on six factors: population, the size the local economy, distance between cities (with 250 miles being optimum), the quality of the local transit networks at each end, how bad the highway congestion is both cities (on the idea that this dissuades driving), and whether the cities are in a mega-region (more on that here).

Naturally, tops on the list was a NY-Washington DC link–probably as good a natural candidate for HSR as any route in the world. Six of the top 10 pairs, in fact, are overlapping segments on the larger Washington-Boston route.

Confusingly, that very route is today served by the Acela, which many people think is high speed because it looks like a high speed train, what with the pointy aerodynamic nose, fancy seats, Euro-style name and all. But in any meaningful sense the Acela is just a device to fool ourselves–rather like chewing gum when you’re hungry. It theoretically could go fast, but doesn’t do so because the tracks just don’t allow for it (except one little stretch blah blah — a taunting and meaningless exception).

Also in the top ten are LA-SF and, charmingly, the Dallas-Houston route that Edward Glaeser poopooed in his unimpressive “back of envelope” analysis over at the NYT’s Economix blog.

The top 25 are city pairs are:

(more…)

The Best Of TreeHugger: Sewage-Powered Trains And The Real Value Of Old Cell Phones

Thursday, September 17th, 2009

infrastructurist-treehugger-cooper-union-walking

VW has been showing off a 1-Liter diesel-hybrid concept car, which gets 170 MPG. Then again, clean and green mechanized transport is hardly a new thing: in the 19th century, hill-side cable cars often ran on water. In Switzerland, they did one better: powering a train with sewage.

Why don’t parents want to bring their kids onto the streets of New York, and why isn’t there enough space on the sidewalk for pedestrians? Because, says Mark Gorton of Streetsblog, we give all of our space to the least spatially-efficient or environmentally-friendly mode of transportation.

The Times reports that in the past 40 years, the number of children who walked to school dropped by nearly 30 percent. How can parents get their kids to enjoy walking again (assuming parents still walk anywhere)? Don’t mention a walk, but ask “who wants to go exploring?”

(more…)

The Daily Dig - ‘Handguns On The Acela’ Edition

Thursday, September 17th, 2009

amtrak-guns
.

  • The Senate overwhelming passed a vote requiring Amtrak to allow passengers to travel with locked, stowed firearms. “Americans should not have their 2nd Amendment rights restricted for any reason, particularly if they choose to travel on America’s federally subsidized rail line,” said Sen. Wicker (R, MS) the bill’s sponsor. (The Caucus)
  • Next week, California will finalize its request for some portion of the $8 billion in high speed rail funds provided by the stimulus. That portion, it turns out, is going to be $4-5 billion. (Reuters via Yonah’s Twitter)
  • Some very smart and creative people have teamed up on a project to tag thousands of pieces of trash and track their trajectories, looking to map the complexities of our waste disposal network. They’ve charted, for instance, the 8-day journey a paper coffee cup that was pitched in Seattle.  (NYT)
  • Everyone in blogland is oohing and aahing over this interactive chart of US jobs from 1850 - 2000. And now we are too. In 1850, 2% of the population were blacksmiths. By 1980 it was zero. And the percentage of locomotive engineers is the same today as it was in 1860–about one tenth the 1910 peak levels. (Prefuse)
  • In Portland, naked bicycling is only a shade less popular as a local passtime than hanging out at the farmers market. We don’t really see the appeal, but rock n’ roll band Flaming Lips does — they’re shooting a video in PDX and are looking for lots of “freaked out naked people” on bikes. (Bike Portland)
  • Another rocker, David Byrne, wants you to know that his ideal city would be big (ensuring anonymity), dense (ensuring interesting social opportunity), have a strong social compact (e.g. people return items if you misplace them), not much parking (”dead real estate”), and a culture of making flirty eye contact on the streets. (WSJ)
  • The Tea Party protesters seem to dislike pretty much everything in America except Ron Paul, guns and Rupert Murdoch’s media conglomerate. Accordingly, it might be expected that they hate transit spending. And they do! Except when they’re in DC and need transit service. In those cases, they hate substandard transit service. (WSJ)

That incredibly amateurish photo illo? We made it on MS Paint!

Ambitious Plan To Remake Virgina ‘Burb Deemed ‘Too Urban’

Wednesday, September 16th, 2009
Tysons Corner today

Tysons Corner today

When advocates of  dense, walkable suburban redevelopment point an example of what our sprawling ‘burbs might do to become more sustainable and improve future economic prospects the suggestions run something like this: connect to a transit network, rezone, build a tighter street grid, plan around pedestresians, etc. A name frequently on their lips as an early-stage example of this process in action is Tysons Corner, Virginia. The DC suburb has, for several years now, been working on a plan to transform itself from a loose and unwelcoming hodge-podge of retail and office developements, parking lots and extra-wide thoroughfares, into something more, well, urban.

A plan to make Tysons denser, more urban

A plan to make Tysons denser, more urban

Too urban, in fact, as far as Fairfax County planners are concerned.

From the Washington Post:

“We’re looking for an urban feel and urban experience,” said Jim Zook, the county’s planning director. “But there are cities across this country that work very well at lesser densities” than the task force proposed.

But after taking the plan this far, why shred it now in the interest of keeping a lower density? Well, the planning commission is worried there will be too much traffic. They want to cut back new development, make the streets wider, drop three more freeway interchanges into town, and widen the Beltway even beyond the current plans to widen the beltway. It’s being presented as tweaks, but all these tweaks undermine the essential goal, and fly in the face of the basic fact that vital, thriving cities tend to be dense. No coincidentally, they also tend to have traffic. It sucks sometimes, but most people who’ve examined the tradeoffs in any depth understand that it’s well worth the tradeoff.tysons2

The situation brings to mind a quote–the source escapes us–that creating an American-style suburb is easy, akin to driving a car. But creating a dense urban environment takes a good deal more skill, akin to flying a jet fighter.

It sounds like Fairfax County started looking at the plans for the jet fighter (or whatever the analogy demands here) and wigged out. “Make it easier!” they’ve squealed. There are many more steps remaining in the process, but it looks like that might be what happens. It would be a small shame in a national context–but downright lunacy in a local context. Tysons has an opportunity to become a place of nation importance — a place that other cities look to as America begins to rethink how it configures its cities in the century ahead. (See, for instance, this story Time did about the town, and this one from NPR.) Instead, the Fairfax planners seem to fancy the idea of remaining a placeless place.

Images via NPR and Sierra Club (h/t GGW)

The Lying Down Game: Taking A Nap On Railroad Tracks And Bike Racks And…

Wednesday, September 16th, 2009

zebra-crossing_1440823i

What is the lying down game? Imagine some kind of wiki travelogue version of Weekend at Bernie’s. The game itself involves lying face down in strange places, often in the midst of some thoroughfare or balanced on some mundane public structure like a  mail drop or litter bin, and having a chum shoot a picture of you. The awkward and vulnerable prone human forms are very amusing.

The project has been going for a couple of months now on Facebook. The constituency seems to be mainly British, but there are some American gamers as well. It first caught our attention back in July, and we’re happy to see the Facebook group is still humming along, with 15,000 photos posted to date. In fact, just last week the game popped up in the UK media when a group of doctors and nurses were suspended after their bosses discovered they’d been lying down on the job, as it were, and then posting shots online.

Here are a few infrastructure-theme samples:

trash-bin
[Pic]

lying-down-on-a-forklift
[Pic]

(more…)

The Daily Dig - ‘A Starchitect Design My Dorm Room’ Edition

Wednesday, September 16th, 2009

i-live-in-a-steven-holl-dwell
.

  • Obama’s new fuel efficiency standards, set to go into effect in 2016, will require that cars get an average of 35.5 miles per gallon. The rules are being advertised as the equivalent of taking 40 million of today’s cars off the road. They are also projected to save drivers $3000 or so over the lifespan of a vehicle. (AP)
  • The much anticipated new Green line is open in Dallas, part of the DART light rail network. Unfortunately, there have been some hairy network-wide delays related to a downtown bottleneck that won’t be fully resolved until a new segment opens in 7 years. (Dallas Morning News)
  • Meanwhile, Charlotte is considering a six-year delay for an 11-mile extension of its Lynx Blue light rail line. The project is funded by a half-cent sales tax, and revenue from the tax has been coming in slower than expected. (Charlotte Observer)
  • From Politico, a cheeky profile of Transportation Secretary Ray LaHood. He eats desert before his entree and doesn’t have Obama’s email address–he also hasn’t given on the Vehicle Miles Traveled tax, which he got in trouble for pitching earlier this year. (Politico)
  • There are 2,100 transportation lobbyists working the system in DC. Why so many? Well, there’s a lot of money in the pot. But a lot of that money is also spent capriciously, without being accountable to specific performance objectives. Which is nice for those people getting the money, but bad for the rest of us. (Streetsblog DC)
  • Some MIT students have the privilege of living in dorm rooms designed by global starchitect Steven Holl. What’s that like? “Curvy walls are cool, but it makes arranging furniture a real headache–most students don’t want them,” says one. (Dwell)

NYC Wants To Ban Smoking In Public Parks (Um, Why?)

Tuesday, September 15th, 2009

central-park-aloneNew York City’s mayor for life Michael Bloomberg doesn’t like the idea of anybody ever smoking in parks. Not just in park buildings or in picnic shelters or concert venues or playgrounds – but in the massive entirety of the New York’s outdoor public spaces.

But let’s take a step back. Imagine for a moment that it is cold and misty outside. Imagine that you–either as a New Yorker or a touristic visitor to fair Gotham–are walking alone in the vast reaches of Central Park. It is sundown, and you are in the Great Meadow. There is no one else in sight. Not another human being for at least 200 yards in any direction. Let’s say you find smoking–on an occasional basis–to be a wonderful aid to meditative enjoyment of moments like this. Let’s say that’s particularly the case when there’s a bite of fall in the air, as there happens to be on this misty evening. Being a civilized person, you would never want to inflict displeasure on anyone. But this is outdoors, in a vast and lonely public space, so who else’s business is it, really?central-park-walkway

Well, Mayor Mike’s, if fact! If an officer of the law to glimpse that glowing red cherry in the misty gloom, if this proposal were ever to become law, he would issue a citation, which would likely lead to a very large fine given that this is New York.

We think it’s a great idea to try and reduce smoking in this city from 16.9% to 12% of the population. Certainly the 2003 law banning smoking in bars and the hellaciously high tobacco taxes that have been enacted since have both helped reducing smoking. And bravo on that.

Former FDA commissioner David Kessler suggests that this “no smoking in parks” proposal is the next logical step: “The issues with secondhand smoke are very real and the majority of the population today doesn’t want to be breathing in tobacco smoke, whether indoors or outdoors. While undoubtedly some will think this is going too far, 10 years from now, we’ll look back and ask how could it have been otherwise.”

But the problem is not in what “some will think.” Rather, it’s that the proposal itself is overzealous, counter productive and stupid. For a number of reasons, in fact. Let us count them:

(more…)

9 Fascinating and Futuristic Bus Stops

Tuesday, September 15th, 2009

bohn46bus

Did you know it’s theoretically possible that someday all our city buses will be flying buses? That’s true. But what about the drab, unremarkable bus shelters that line our local streets, you ask — will we still have to use those boring things? Maybe not! We looked into cool, cutting edge concepts in bus stops to see what lies ahead. If our research proves accurate, the future looks very exciting. Some bus shelters will have vegetative roofs. Others will be beautiful and expensive to build yet cost cities $0 each. Still others will look like something you might see after your second ayahuasca cocktail. And all this creativity stands in service of the laudable goal of making public transportation more appealing. The future is now, amigos. Get on board.

Florence’s “iPhone of Bus Stops”

The punsters at the SENSEable City design lab up in Cambridge have named their smarter-than-you’ll-ever be interactive bus shelter the “EyeStop” (nudge, nudge).

The sleek structure allows you to do the sort of exciting and useful things you might do on an iPhone, but without an iPhone and while you’re waiting for the bus. So, for instance, you might browse the web (keep it clean, kids!) or plot your journey. But the EyeStop also allows you to monitor your exposure to airborne pollutants, watch in real time as the 73 Express sits motionless in a traffic jam, and post an electronic notice about your beloved tabby that just ran away.

Mind you, this is not a science fiction bus stop — a prototype has already been installed in Florence, Italy. (More here.)

eyestop1

(more…)

‘Recession Armada’ Of Empty Freighters Floats Off Asian Coast

Tuesday, September 15th, 2009

ghost-fleet

Shipping is an industry that Americans know almost nothing about. We might be aware that port volumes are down in this country and that containers are piling up in port facilities like Long Beach or Elizabeth, NJ — but the broader nature of the business tends to be lost in a obscure realm of Liberian-flagged vessels, shadowy private firms, and some treaty known as the Law of the Sea.

But the Daily Mail has gotten an amazing scoop on the current state of this behemoth industry, revealing that there’s a huge “ghost fleet” of mothballed freight ships anchored off the coast of Malaysia:

Here, on a sleepy stretch of shoreline at the far end of Asia, is surely the biggest and most secretive gathering of ships in maritime history. Their numbers are equivalent to the entire British and American navies combined; their tonnage is far greater. [...]

They are a powerful and tangible representation of the hurricanes that have been wrought by the global economic crisis; an iron curtain drawn along the coastline of the southern edge of Malaysia’s rural Johor state, 50 miles east of Singapore harbour.

It is so far off the beaten track that nobody ever really comes close, which is why these ships are here. The world’s ship owners would prefer you not to see this symbol of the depths of the plague still crippling the world’s economies.

So they have been quietly retired to this equatorial backwater, to be maintained only by a handful of bored sailors. The skeleton crews are left alone to fend off the ever-present threats of piracy and collisions in the congested waters as the hulls gather rust and seaweed at what should be their busiest time of year.

Locals talk about a fleet so dense, the horizon is no longer visible. Which is no wonder, given how much rates have plunged: “This time last year, an Aframax tanker capable of carrying 80,000 tons of cargo would cost £31,000 a day ($50,000). Now it is about £3,400 ($5,500).”

locationThis would normally be the time when the ships would zipping across the ocean stuffed with Christmas toys for all the western world’s girls and boys. But this year the traffic is light and the cost of moving a 40-foot container from China to Britain has fallen by more than 80 percent, to less than $300. “Commerce is contracting, fleets rust away - yet new ship-builds ordered years ago are still coming on stream.”

Today about 12 percent of global container fleet is idle and that number might well rise.

The phenomenon has its roots in the high-flying, easy-credit days of 2005, when Americans were buying Asian-made plasma teevees and similar knick-knacks with lucre from easy second mortgages on overvalued and poorly constructed exurban home-boxes, then pawning off bundles of the debt on stupid and careless German investors. With so much fake wealth buying so many manufactured goods, it seemed like there could never be enough ships–so shipmakers, particularly in Korea, took on a glut of orders and expanded their capacity to meet some insane assumed future demand.

Anyway, we all know the bigger story. But it’s still going, and the Malaysian ghost armada is one of the weird current symptoms of the continuing economic illness.

The Daily Dig: ‘Amazing Concrete Roads’ Edition

Tuesday, September 15th, 2009

The Latest Development In Developing World Toilets

Monday, September 14th, 2009

img_0764Some pithy fellow once declared that modern sanitation is humanity’s greatest triumph. And, really, there’s a pretty good case to made there — even against formidable human accomplishments like DisneyWorld or photoshopping.

But the progress of sanitation has been terribly uneven and something like 2.6 billion people today lack all access to it while on the very same planet the Japanese have created futuristic toilets that automatically do urinalysis when you pee and play a birdsong soundtrack to disguise your “embarrassing bathroom noises.”

The big issue, of course, is that traditional sanitation infrastructure is expensive to install and maintain. So in places that are chaotic, corrupt and poor–which is to say, a large swath of the world–it can be difficult to bring together the requisite funding, political will and expertise to make sure potable water and shit are piped in and out of every home, respectively. A New Yorker story a couple of years ago recalled the vivid and depressing case of a slum in Lagos that lacked drinking water because the brackets attaching a colonial-era trunk main on the underside of a bridge that connected to the slum had rusted and broken, the pipe had collapsed, and that was pretty much that. img_744

In all discussions of infrastructure strategy these days–whether for cash-strapped Cleveland or cash-strapped Cameroon–the question of cheap, imaginative, and durable work-arounds is becoming more and more relevant. One of our favorite recent examples specific to the developing world is the PeePoo bag. Developed by a Swedish architect who wondered why those in his profession weren’t showing more concern about sanitation issues, the product is a cheap and smartly engineered single-use composting toilet. Rather than going out and squatting in a vacant lot where you are subject to all kinds of threats (from cholera to crime), you do your business in the bag in the relative privacy and comfort of your home. It’s lined with urea, which sanitizes the feces, and it’s also biodegradable so it can be used kit and kaboodle as a fertilizer. Just throw it in the ground. Most importantly though, it’s easy to distribute and hard to screw up — as long as you can get your hands on one, you’re pretty much assured it will work, and that your dirty business won’t wind up giving someone else tapeworm or diarrhea.

Our notions of infrastructure are still generally rooted in the past and tend to favor large-scale thinking and construction. A new Hoover Dam instead of new building codes. At times–say, building out a high speed rail network or highway system in China–that’s appropriate. But in lots of other cases, it’s time to start discard the megaproject and start thinking in the cheap and improvisational terms that newfangled technology now allows. For example, pooping in a bag.

NPR Looks At High Speed Rail

Monday, September 14th, 2009

trains1

While the Daily Dig was on mandated mental health leave for 10 days or so prior to Labor Day, NPR produced a six-part series on high speed rail. Since we neglected to mention it at the time, and since it was a fairly good primer on the subject, and since one of our official mottos at this site is “Better late than never,” we thought we’d take a look back at it now.

States Pitch For HSR Money: After decades of a transportation policy focused overwhelmingly on highways and air travel, Obama’s $8 billion commitment to HSR rail in the stimulus package was a seachange–the “most that’s ever been put in one single shot for any rail system in America.” Since then, the president has spoken compellingly of HSR’s ability to reduce travel times, alleviate freeway and airport congestion, reduce pollution and oil dependence, “all while creating tens of thousands of jobs.” States have lept at the opportunity, putting in $100 billion in applications for the $8 billion in funds.

The term “high speed rail” has become a bit bastardized in the US, of course–here tending to refer to 90+ mph projects, while in an international context it connotes a more impressive 150 mph and up. Only California is seriously pursuing a true HSR project at this point.

After a libertarian skeptic pops up to scoff, the piece wraps with a good point: Even a well-functioning 110-mph line between, say, Chicago and St Louis, would be a good proof of concept for US passenger rail travel and would likely inspire imitation around the country.california2_custom

Midwest is All Aboard for HSR - A Midwest regional network would have Chicago as a hub and connect to 11 other cities in the region, including Milwaukee, Detroit and St Louis. The logic is sound with 1/3 of the US population living within a 500-mile radius of Chicago. The plan is to upgrade the current network, which now tops out at 79 mph, to 110 mph. An ambitious vision for decades ahead is a parallel 220 mph network.

But just upgrading to 110 would cost an estimate $12 billion, and skeptics even question whether those speeds are possible on lines that are also heavily used by freight and commuter trains.

(more…)

The Daily Dig: ‘New Hope For Moynihan Station’ Edition

Monday, September 14th, 2009

2008_3_moynihan2
.

The World’s 10 Greatest Large Urban Parks

Thursday, September 10th, 2009

luxembourg-gardens

Everyone knows what a urban park looks like, right? It tends to be a parcel of green space in a sea of asphalt and concrete and glass. But, of course, there are innumerable variations on that principle. We thought it would be fun to take ten of the world’s largest, most famous, and most beautiful city parks–some combination of those virtues, anyway–and view them from above, all at the same scale, to get a sense of how they’re situated in the fabric of their respective cities and how they work as a whole. How do the world’s great parks compare? Employing the wonders of searchable satellite imagery, we’ve brought together this collection of bird’s eye views to give a sense of how individual and unique these parks are.

We should note that all the parks on our list are located in Europe and North America. That wasn’t by insensitive design–the ones we chose just seemed to us the best candidates. If we missed any giant, amazing, centrally-located city parks in Asia or South America or Africa or some little island somewhere, please feel free to give us a beatdown in the comments section.

For a sense of scale: a mile is about two and a quarter inches — though there is some minor variation among the photo sets.

Central Park, New York City - 843 acres

Created: 1853; Located in uptown Manhattan, in the midst of some the island’s densest and wealthiest neighborhoods. Frederic Law Olmstead’s urban pastoral masterpiece contains several bodies of water, a zoo, playgrounds and fields, natural wooded areas, and so very much more. Sadly, if America ever become totally insolvent, the government will likely have to sell Central Park for trillions of dollars to the Chinese so our nation can keep buying cheap toasters.
central-park

Retiro Park, Madrid - 350 acres.

Founded: 1632. Originally a retreat for the Spanish royal family, the park is adjacent to both the the Prado Museum and Atocha train station (the rail yard is visible at the bottom of the photograph). The park’s gardens and artificial lake are both iconic in Spain. And there are chestnuts there — lots and lots of chestnuts.

Parque Buen Retiro

(more…)

Best Of TreeHugger: Localwashing, Energy Sprawl, And Estuary Power

Thursday, September 10th, 2009

treehugger-infrastructurist-treehuggerist

Each week, we do a round-up of some of our favorite stories from our friends over at TreeHugger.

Move over America: Australians now emit more carbon dioxide than you each year, at 20.58 tons per capita. India’s per capita emissions? 1.15 tons. With that in mind, that country’s environment minister has a message for Westerners: “You need to live with only one car rather than three. For you it’s about luxury. For us it is about survival.”

Newly resigned, White House green jobs “tsar” Van Jones was a political victim — and there may well be more to come. An important step would be raising the gas tax.. It would likely improve fuel efficiency, fund road infrastructure and amp up alternative vehicles research.

Hello, dependence: Toyota, General Motors, and even the Defense Department are holding their breath as the Chinese government is tightening its control over the export of rare earth metals. That country possesses 90 percent of the world’s supply, and which are essential for a wide array of green technologies, from hybrid cars to wind turbines.

(more…)

The Daily Dig - ‘12-Car Garage In NYC’ Edition

Thursday, September 10th, 2009

f

.

  • The IPO market has gone dead. But two Silicon Valley venture capitalists say that a green infrastructure boom will be the next great investment opportunity and could save American’s economy. Why, for instance, do we still make cement and drywall the same way we did 150 years ago? (WSJ)
  • Jim Oberstar concedes that passage of a new transportation bill this fall is unrealistic — or, at least, it would be “very very difficult.” (Dow Jones)
  • It might sound crazy to New Yorkers or Washingtonians, but the LA subway has long operated on the honor system—that is, without turnstiles. That’s changing though. Tired of freeloaders, LA’s transit authority has begun installing them in hopes of capturing millions in lost revenue. (Next American City)
  • The Buckminster Fuller Challenge is a competition that awards $100k to someone with a potentially world-changing idea. Last year the loot went to some kids from the MIT’s Smart Cities group who have a plan for lightweight electric vehicles (e.g. The RoboScooter). The deadline for entries this is Oct 30. (BFI)
  • A lovely set of photos over at Good samples the diversity of environments—from the very stuffy to the very rough—of the learning institutions in this country (or at least in the northeastern part of it). Quite a contrast between a grand hallway at Phillips Academy Andover and a shabby girls bathroom at public school in Dorchester… Sample pic after the jump
  • An architect is proposing turning a discarded span of the SF Bay Area’s old Bay Bridge into a park along the lines of NYC’s stunningly successful High Line transformation. A tad far-fetched, but we like his moxie… (Streetsblog SF) Image after jump
  • An hero of American high finance, Morgan Stanley CEO John Mack, has just bought a new house. Congrats, Mr Mack! It’s on Manhattan’s upper east side. And get this: it has a 12-car garage. In the middle of Manhattan. A 12-car garage. But that’s only appropriate given how much wealth and financial innovation he’s created for us, The Little People.  (Business Insider)

(more…)

Freeway Air Pollution Triggers ‘Fight Or Flight’ Response In Human Body

Wednesday, September 9th, 2009

brown-cloud

Scientists have known for quite some time that highway air pollution has many harmful effects. As we noted a few weeks ago, it can cause premature births and DNA damage. Also among the established effects are heart attack and stroke. But a new study sheds light on what’s actually happening, and why pollution causes high blood pressure. The culprit, it turns out, is the small particulate stuff spewed out in large quantities by trucks.

An article in Time today announces the findings:

Scientists at the University of Michigan, led by Dr. Robert Brook, found that [polluted air] can increase your blood pressure, and cause unhealthy changes in your blood vessels that last for hours and perhaps even days. […] [Study] participants were exposed in the lab to the same amount of particulates and ozone that would be found near a local highway. People who breathed in polluted air registered higher blood-pressure readings a short time after exposure and their blood vessels showed impairment as long as 24 hours later.

The scientists developed a rather granular, so to speak, understanding of what’s happening in these cases–the air pollution is, oddly enough, automatically setting off a fear reaction in the body:

First, the fine matter triggers changes in the central nervous system, causing a switch from the more controlled regulation of body processes to a more instinctive, automatic fight-or-flight response. This revs up the heartbeat and causes blood pressure to spike as the body may be responding to the presence of foreign, potentially dangerous particles in the air.

It’s all fairly graphic stuff, and the effects are persistent:

Once the immediate onslaught of pollution is gone, blood pressure drops back down. But the damaging effects persist. Particulates can lodge deep in the lungs, where they activate another process - inflammation, which kicks in over the 24 hours after exposure. The inflammatory response can stiffen blood vessels and cause longer-term damage to blood-vessel flexibility and their ability to absorb changes in blood flow from the heart. Weakened blood vessels can increase the risk of heart disease or stroke.

Now, of course, the point is not to rev up urban hypochondriacs into an inconsolable tizzy. Most healthy people can deal with this kind of low-grade physical stress. But a lot of people–young, old, infirm, or simply vulnerable for whatever reasons–can’t, and the fact remains that the more we understand, the worse this stuff seems to be. Regulations and pollution trends are moving in the right direction, fortunately. But the steady trickle of unnerving studies like this is just impetus to move that process along faster.

Dubai Gets A Metro

Wednesday, September 9th, 2009

dubai-metro-and-burj-dubaiIn case you haven’t heard, Dubai has a metro. The first line opens today, a small part of what may someday be a sizable system–at least, if the whole emirate doesn’t disappear into a pulsing black hole of debt in the meantime.

We looked about this project a few weeks ago and poked a little fun at it, because, really, it’s so hard not to laugh at Dubai. It’s the Segway of cities. But this metro is also a major accomplishment and does deserve some recognition on this, its inaugural day of service (for invited VIPs, anyway — the pleebs get to start riding tomorrow). metroticket_1_innerbig

So, to quote Will Smith in his younger days, here’s the situation: For years Dubai has been leading a Michael Jacksonesque debt-fabulous lifestyle, borrowing more than $85 billion–double the emirate’s GDP–to finance a crazy building spree and associated lavishness. That figure doesn’t even include the $7 billion spent (so far) on the metro project. The local potentate, Sheik Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, is now in the position of gently deflecting rumors that the city-state will be unable to make good on debt obligations due later this year.

Financially profligate as it may be, this subway-in-the-desert is still an intriguing project. Dubai’s is the second metro system in the Arab world (Cairo has the other) and would seem to hold enormous benefits for that city’s enormous underclass, promising “far quicker commutes in a sprawling city-state where shared taxis, packed vans and creaky wooden boats are among the most visible forms of public transportation.” It will also be cheap, with a base fare of 50 cents. The project seems a rather bold egalitarian gesture, in fact, for a gilded Middle East sheikdom, and deserves recognition as such.

Inside Dubai's metro -- via TimeOut Dubai

As an AP story notes (or quotes), the metro represents a “culture change” for Dubai. What makes it of broader interest is that Dubai is itself a kind of everycity — a patchwork quilt, with neighborhoods lifted whole cloth from Phoenix, Miami, New York, Mumbai, Orange County, and so on and on. In the digital age global culture characterized by compulsive imitation, borrowing, sampling and stealing, Dubai is a compelling laboratory for watching a broader, more global culture change in terms of how we think about and plan cities. (That is, an evolution beyond the post-war notion that the automotive travel should be the DNA of everything we build and toward something smarter and more elegant.)

That’s not to suggest that the metro will necessarily be a success in all respects or even that it will be completed. There are the expected absurd elements, of course, like the leather SUV-style luxury seats in the ritzy “Gold” cars. And then there’s the challenge of building a subway for a sprawling desert metropolis designed–a place that lacks even an inadequate sidewalk network. Will people walk in the street in 120-degree heat to ride the train? Will people take a cab to subway and then a cab to their destination? It’ll be interesting to see. Our guess is that there enough poor people in Dubai that ridership numbers will still be pretty robust, even if the car-owning classes aren’t completely won over. (We doubt, for instance, David Beckham will be hopping a ride.)

It will also be interesting to watch the sheikdom grapple with the financial challenges of project. They really do want this thing pay for itself–so much so that they’re selling off naming rights for many stations and even entire metro lines. Given the atrocious balance sheets of so many transit authorities and municipalities across the US, they may prove a trendsetter in that decision as in so many others.

The Daily Dig - ‘A World Powered By Human Hair’ Edition

Wednesday, September 9th, 2009

teenager-invents-23-solar-panel-that-could-be-solution-to-developing-worlds-energy-needsmade-from-human-hair

.

  • Electric cars are very quiet. That’s good, right? Well, not if you’re about to be hit by one. A government panel in Japan might require that the vehicles have an electronic noisemaking function a bit like a cell phone ring. Crickets, anyone? (AP)
  • A very cool interactive map of stimulus projects in California shows a county-by-county breakdown of spending in areas ranging from transportation to education. Didja know Kern county is spending $8 million on fareboxes and preventive transit maintenance? (Recovery.ca.gov)
  • A new study finds that every $1 billion invested in water infrastructure creates $3 billion in economic activity and up to 27,000 jobs. Yet another reason why solid waste ought to be priority number two… (Global Water Intell)
  • Eleven big cities in Britain are pushing for an expansion of the country’s high speed rail plans–they want a full-scale national network, rather than the limited connections now on the drawing board. Transport minister Lord Adonis says the national government supports the move. (Guardian)
  • Why traffic tickets are your friend: When NYC began issuing fewer tickets to speeders and red light-runners, fatalities from those causes ticked up. In Paris, the opposite dynamic has been at work, with more tickets issued and deaths plunging. (Slate)
  • There are lots of neglected smaller cities in the US–Bridgeport! Pawtucket!–that have amazing, if neglected, infrastructure. They’re walkable and ripe for renewal. States should be looking at that option instead of investing in new “sprawl” infrastructure. (NRDC)
  • News of the wired: A teenager in Nepal makes a solar panel out of human hair! Hair costs a fraction as much as silicon panels and therefore will electrify the world! Did you know a pound of human hair only costs twenty five cents in Nepal?! (Daily Mail) [The Mail hasn't retracted, but looking like this is a hoax. -Ed.]
  • And a plug: We’re a supporting organization at this year’s North American Strategic Infrastructure Leadership Forum later this month in DC. It looks like there will be some great speakers (Rendell is on the sched, among others) and discussions. If this kind of thing is of interest to you, give it a look. (You can also click through the banner at right.)