Archive for March, 2009

Chicago Suburb Is Becoming A Slum

Tuesday, March 31st, 2009

in-the-exurbs-the-american-dream-is-up-for-rent

Today’s Wall Street Journal has a story about how former homeowners in the exurbs are becoming renters.

The piece looks at the saga of one family (the Disciannos) in Plano, Illinois, a town about 50 miles west of Chicago:

Now, as the housing bust and recession has turned the exurbs from engines of growth to economic laggards, many of these families have the worst of both worlds. They are still on the fringes but have no equity. In many cases the amenities they hoped would follow — new shopping centers, movie theatres — have ceased construction or opened with only a few stores. Government projects like new schools and parks have also been delayed as budgets get cut and population growth has slowed.

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You’re Hired! Four College Majors That Will Still Get You A Job, Even In Today’s Economy

Tuesday, March 31st, 2009

yourehired1Wondering whether there are still any jobs worth getting after you slave away to earn your college degree? Let the Infrastructurist be your guidance counselor. We spoke with career specialists from a wide range of institutions of higher learning to find out what majors were still garnering good gigs for graduates, even in this brutal economy. Not surprisingly, our experts were full of suggestions linked to sectors of the economy that are receiving bundles of federal money from the stimulus package and are well positioned to grow for years beyond that. “Every area of the government is going to add jobs, especially those areas related to the stimulus package,” says Trudy Steinfeld, Executive Director of NYU’s Wasserman Center for Career Development.

Here, according to our panel, are four areas of study that have recruiters still hanging around the campus looking for someone–anyone!–they can offer a job to:

refinery1. Energy Commerce
What it is: Energy Commerce majors focus on various energy industry disciplines including “petroleum land management,” “petroleum accounting,” and “gas marketing” – that is, the arcane and specialized set of financial skills required by the multi-trillion dollar oil and gas industry.
Why it’s hot: Tammie King, director of the career management center in the Rawls College of Business at Texas Tech, says, “The Energy Commerce students almost always have around a 90% job placement rate within three months of graduation. We’re seeing the same amount of recruiters hiring for energy commerce grads. Energy commerce has become an all-encompassing degree, not just oil and gas. We’re trying to keep up with energy industry by not just focusing on oil and gas anymore — now we look into alternative energy sources.” Within Energy Commerce, Texas Tech also offers a more traditional Oil and Gas concentration as well as a newer Economics and Alternative Markets concentration.

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Stimulus Money To Pay For Suicide Fence On Akron’s All-American Bridge

Tuesday, March 31st, 2009

all-american

Symbolism can be merciless. Witness the city of Akron using $1.5 million in stimulus funds to install an anti-suicide barrier on the All-American Bridge.

Last year there were two suicides from the Y-shaped span, a structure likely familiar to anyone who’s ever driven through America’s former tire capital. There has been one already in 2009.

It’s completely worthy project and respresents money well spent, certainly–setting aside chatter in the local paper that it might be “wasteful”–and will create a few jobs in a local economy with a double digit unemployment rate. But it’s one of those items that flickers past on the AP wire and the headline just hurts to read.

Any bets on which U.S. city is first to use stimulus money to add a light Prozac drip to the municipal water supply?

Riding On A Barcelona Streetcar 101 Years Ago, And Maybe Seeing Hitler

Monday, March 30th, 2009

This is a lovely little film that I saw on TreeHugger this afternoon, but which comes from a site called “YouTube” (which seems to be a repository for many and disparate short movies.)

The seven minutes of footage were shot from a Barcelona streetcar in 1908. Cyclists ride playfully, weaving in front of the trolley. Pedestrians boldly assert themselves. It is a city poignantly alive with people who are now all dead — the effect is simultaneously uplifting and haunting.

Oh, and one YouTube commenter thinks he sees Adolf Hitler standing along the right side of the road at 5:39. (What do you think, gentle reader?)

Anyway, it’s a marvelous and addictive short film. I just watched it three times straight through.

Click below for another of these YouTube flicks–this one in vibrant Technicolor. It traces the same route in present day Barcelona.

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Not Enough Stimulus In Your Life? Get The New “Transparent Gov” iPhone App

Monday, March 30th, 2009

iphone-appAre you part of that special breed of Americans who want to bring the text of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 with them everywhere they go? Are you part of that special breed of Americans who own iPhones? If you answered yes to both questions, take a moment to download the “Transparent Gov” app. It gives you several helpful breakdowns of stimulus spending and then in each case steers you directly into the relevant text of the bill, which you can explore for hours on end until your scrolling thumb cramps up and your eyes dry out.

For instance, if you tap the $300 billion “discretionary spending” bubble on your screen and then the “Interior and the Environment” line, you’ll quickly have about 80,000 words of text on your tiny little screen. Did you know the stimulus provisions $15 million for “Wildland Fire Management” at the BLM and that those funds will be available until September of next year? And that there’s another $485 million for “Wildland Fire Management” somewhere else, about 75 paragraphs down, right near a passage about how the Fish and Wildlife Service gets $110,000,000 for construction projects? And so on.

One potential problem is that when scrolling through an endless list of giant sums of money allocated to various programs one is only vaguely familiar with, it’s hard to resist the temptation to start speaking the numbers aloud in John McCain’s voice: “$1.5 million for Mormon cricket control, $650,000 for beaver management in North Carolina, …” Not because you necessarily agree with McCain’s mockery and naysaying — but just because you heard him read so much of this stuff.

The top line breakdowns are useful references, but reading ARRA on your iPhone is about as masochistic as human activity gets — and read you’ll have to if you’re looking for something specific, since the app lacks a text search function. Endless scrolling is pretty much the extent of the user experience.

Sound good? Download your own “Transparent Gov” app for free here.

LaHood’s Plane Evacuated Because Of Boxcutter

Monday, March 30th, 2009

ray-lahood-2The country’s top transportation official got to witness an airline security scare first hand last week. On Wednesday evening, Ray LaHood and 150 of his fellow passengers on a US Airways flight from Washington to Phoenix were hurried off their plane before takeoff when crew members found a box cutter in the plane’s rear galley.

There was no 9/11-style plot afoot, thankfully. A search by security staff revealed no other potential weapons on the aircraft. The passengers re-boarded and after takeoff the captain explained over the PA system what had happened. Crew members speculated that the implement had probably been left behind accidentally by the food service staff.

The incident does underline the fact that our Secretary of Transportation isn’t jetting around on a government-owned Gulfstream IV–that he’s in there in the commercial trenches with the rest of us, facing delays like this and worrying about catching a foot fungus when he walks through security in sock feet.

So far as we can tell, LaHood hasn’t commented on the incident. He chose not to liveblog it for “Fast Lane,” his official online scribbling space.

(Source: AZ Republic)

Yesterday’s News

Monday, March 30th, 2009

Mar 31:

Concrete! Examining the state of the art in one civilization’s most useful and ubiquitous materials, including using coal ash in the mix and even a plan for carbon negative cement. (NY Times - Science)

The US DOT announces a new vehicle mileage standard for 2011: 27.3 mpg, up about 2 mpg from 2020. (Consumer Affairs)

A great interview with John Norquist of the Congress for a New Ubanism on how to reclaim America’s streets. (Streetsblog)

NYC will get $261 million in stimulus funds to rehab the Brooklyn Bridge, install new car ramps for a Staten Island ferry terminal and repair 15 other local bridges. (Daily News)

Boulder’s smart grid is shaping up, with 14,000 smart meters installed 100 miles of fiber optic cable strung over power lines. (AP)

The Government Accountability Office has established FraudNet — a citizen reporting service for misuse of stimulus funds. Know about some graft? Send an email to fraudnet@gao.gov. (AP)

Indonesia is looking at a $6 billion 410-mile high speed rail line between the cities of Jakarta and Surbaya. (Antara News)

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Colonel Sanders On The Offensive Against Potholes

Friday, March 27th, 2009

sanders-with-asphaltAsphalt is apparently the hottest thing in viral marketing. KFC, an outfit best known for its chicken parts dipped in boiling oil, has announced that it will now also be doing repairs on public roadways.

Beginning in Louisville, Kentucky, and soon extending to four other cities, the fast food giant will fill potholes on local streets in exchange for permission to paint a temporary advertisement at the site. The white chalk stencils notify motorists that the street has been “Re-Freshed” by Colonel Sanders — a reference to KFC’s new “fresh”-centric ad campaign. Promotional materials feature an actor in full Sanders get-up, along with a hard hat and Day Glo safety vest.

The global fast food giant has already sent out letters to city officials around the country, asking them to describe their pothole problems. Whichever four scandidates are deemed most worth will join Louisville in receiving “free” repairs. Transportation officials from Chicago, for one, didn’t immediately dismiss the idea. “We’d be glad to discuss this with the firm and see if it fits with Illinois requirements for quality, safety, timeliness and cost-effectiveness,” said Illinois DOT spokesman Marisa Kollias.

Ironically, Louisville holds the dubious distinction of having the worst new road-building project in the country, as named in this recent story on the Infrastucturist. The new downtown junction of three interstates will be a local nightmare for decades to come. Maybe the Colonel can do something to “re-fresh” that bungled $4 billion plan?

(Photo: Kentucky Fried Chicken)

Call For Photos, Videos and Descriptions of Local Infrastructure In Need of Repair

Friday, March 27th, 2009

In coming weeks, we’ll be focusing more on local problems and beginning to compile a national “to-do” list of public property in need of fixing. We’ll also start to look at how government at all levels is managing (or not managing) to address these needs. If there’s a bridge, highway exit, pothole, streetlamp, or any other element of your local infrastructure that’s broken or just not working as it should, tell us about it. Email submissions to: jr@infrastructurist.com

Building A Subway Is 96 Percent Cheaper In China

Friday, March 27th, 2009

china-subway

To give some sense of the pace of public works construction in China, the city of Guangzhou is planning to open 83 miles of new subway lines by the end of next year. Meanwhile, New York–a city of about the same size–has been playing around with the 1.7-mile Second Avenue line for decades now. China also builds subways rather cheaply–$100 million per mile versus $2.4 billion per mile in the Big Apple.

Not surprisingly, projects there are more aggressive in all respects: there are 60 tunnel boring machines operating in Guangzhou, while only one is slated for the Second Avenue project; workers put in five 12-hour shifts a week (and if they don’t like it, they can go pound glacial till); and seizing property is a breeze.

An article in the Business section of today’s NY Times takes a smart look at the forces at play as China goes on a transit infrastructure  spending spree while it simultaneously becomes evermore sprawling and car-centric.

Here’s one interesting passage, though the story is worth reading in its entirety:

“Nobody is building like they are,” said Shomik Mehndiratta, a World Bank specialist in urban transport. “The center of construction is really China.”

Western mass transit experts applaud China for investing billions in systems that will put less stress on the environment and on cities. But they warn that other Chinese policies, like allowing real estate developers to build sprawling new suburbs, undermine the benefits of the mass transit boom.

“They wind up better than if they did nothing, but it costs them a fortune,” said Lee Schipper, a specialist at Stanford in urban transport.

Mr. Chan defended Guangzhou’s combination of cars and subways, saying that the city built a subway line to a new Toyota assembly plant to help employees and suppliers reach it.

Subways have been most competitive in cities like New York that have high prices for parking, and tolls for bridges and tunnels, discouraging car use. Few Chinese cities have been willing to follow suit, other than Shanghai, which charges a fee of several thousand dollars for each license plate.

The cost and physical limitations of subways have discouraged most cities from building new ones. For instance, only Tokyo has a subway system that carries more people than its buses. The buses are cheaper and able to serve far more streets but move more slowly, pollute more and contribute to traffic congestion.

China has reason to worry. It surpassed the United States in total vehicle sales for the first time in January, although the United States remained slightly ahead in car sales. But in February, China overtook the United States in both, in part because the global downturn has hurt auto sales much more in the United States than in China.

There are are many countervaling forces at work. China has passed its own stimulus package and the government is eager to put people to work, create economic activity, and build modern infrastructure. The Guangzhou project is part of major national transit buildout. But the nation’s cities are also sprawling beasts, and in that sense, more suited to cars than trains. Not shockingly, many Chinese prefer the former.

(Photo: Reinhard Krause, Reuters)

The World’s 7 Best High Speed Rail Networks

Thursday, March 26th, 2009

germany-hsrObama’s $8 billion gambit for high-speed rail in the stimulus package may be the country’s largest-ever investment in its railways, but America is still decades behind the curve when it comes to fast trains. We reviewed the state of the high speed rail in other countries around the world, and came up with this ranking of the best networks. We could do a lot worse than to emulate any one of them.

7. Germany

Germany began developing its high-speed rail program just after France introduced its own in the 1980s, but though InterCityExpress (ICE) trains are a common sight on the Teutonic landscape, they rarely run at their maximum speeds. In fact, though Germany is Europe’s biggest economy, it only has two rail lines operating at speeds of 180 mph or above: between Frankfurt and Cologne and between Munich and Nuremburg. Much of the rest of the country is connected via lines running at about 120 mph. The result are relatively slow travel speeds: the trip between Munich and Berlin takes almost six hours, compared to three on a similar-distance Paris-Marseille TGV.

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Yesterday’s News

Thursday, March 26th, 2009

Mar 30:

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Infrastructurist On Fox Business News

Wednesday, March 25th, 2009

Your humble editor on FBN discussing Yonah Freemark’s list of seven new highways that shouldn’t be built.

When Are We Going To Start Talking About The Environmental Cost Of Solar?

Wednesday, March 25th, 2009

solar-arrayThe other day I saw this story come across the news wire:

WASHINGTON (AP) — California’s Mojave Desert may seem ideally suited for solar energy production, but concern over what several proposed projects might do to the aesthetics of the region and its tortoise population is setting up a potential clash between conservationists and companies seeking to develop renewable energy.

Nineteen companies have submitted applications to build solar or wind facilities on a parcel of 500,000 desert acres, but Sen. Dianne Feinstein said Friday such development would violate the spirit of what conservationists had intended when they donated much of the land to the public.

Feinstein said Friday she intends to push legislation that would turn the land into a national monument, which would allow for existing uses to continue while preventing future development.

It had to happen eventually — somebody finally took notice of the plans being made for gargantuan solar installations and started thinking about their environmental implications.

In January 2008, three solar scientists made a proposal in Scientific American that America produce all its electricity in the year 2050 by covering a mere 46,000 square miles of Arizona with a solar collectors. That’s one-third of Arizona, which is the fifth largest state.

Al Gore testified before Congress in February that we could do it on only 10,000 square miles – “a square one hundred miles on each side” – and accomplish this in the next ten years. He’s basing this on the claims of Cogentrix, a North Carolina company that just acquired the 20-year-old SEGS (Solar Energy Generating System) facilities in California.

Both these systems do not include energy storage, which could take up an equal amount of space. They also assume a wildly expensive reconstruction of the national transmission grid to 765 kilovolts so that all this electricity can be ferried around the country.

Yet nobody seems to ask the question, Where are we going to get 10,000 or 20,000 square miles of desert to do all this? The assumption – much like that of the early American pioneers – is that there are vast tracts of land somewhere out there in the West waiting to be put to our use. Has anybody ever heard the term “environmental impact?” Is it even conceivable that you can mark off this much land on the map and not come across some endangered species?

Here’s another consideration that you never hear about. One of the biggest problems with solar mirrors and photovoltaic panels is they get covered with dust and grim and lose much of their effectiveness. They have to be washed off frequently. Where, in the middle of the desert, do you find enough water to wash down 10,000 square miles of solar collectors at least once a month?

As all the facts come in, nuclear energy is starting to look awfully good. It’s principle advantage is its amazing energy density. The energy release from the uranium atom is 2 million times what you get from breaking a carbon-hydrogen bond in coal. And fossil fuels themselves have about 50 times the density of solar energy. That’s why the electricity generated from 75 square miles of solar collectors can be equaled by a mile-square coal or nuclear plant.

You can’t ignore physics indefinitely. All this is going to start playing a part in our energy discussions before long.

William Tucker has written about environmental and energy issues for twenty-five years. His work has appeared in Harper’s, The Atlantic, National Review, New Republic, The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, and many other publications. His most recent book Terrestrial Energy (Bartleby) is about nuclear power. He is a regular guest contributor to The Infrastructurist.

The Train That Could Save Detroit

Tuesday, March 24th, 2009


A frequent complaint about the current round of infrastructure investment is that we’re not thinking big enough — that there is no revolutionary equivalent of rural electrification or the Interstate system on the drawing board.

Enter Michigan’s plan for a “hydrogen superhighway.” Whatever else might be said about it, the scheme is–literally and metaphorically–electrifying.

An outfit called Interstate Traveler, LLC is proposing to build an elevated high speed maglev train running between the depopulating metropolis of Detroit and the state capital of Lansing as the first leg of a multi-use national transportation network. The trains would travel at 200 mph along current Interstate rights of way with stations near current highway exits.

The tracks would be covered with solar panels which would supply some unspecified portion of the system’s power via “hydrogen batteries.” The horizontal core of the rail structure would house fiber optic cable, electrical transmission lines and various other utility pipes as a source of substantial revenue for the project.

The cars for the network would be made in idled Big Three factories in the Detroit area and would be part of a broader move toward using hydrogen in a wider capacity to power private vehicles.

Proponents claim the the $2 billion Detroit-to-Lansing line could be build entirely with private funds, if the state and federal governments would agree to hand over use of Interstate rights of way.

The plan, being pushed by four freshman lawmakers in Lansing, legitimately has the feel of a 21st century transportation network. The technology is revolutionary and it’s smartly married with our greatest current transportation asset, the Interstate system. If anything, at first blush it feels *too* ambitious (in the most glorious of ways).

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Giant Vegas Development Is Crapping Out

Tuesday, March 24th, 2009

north-city-centerNot shockingly, a $9 billion construction project that would give Las Vegas even more giant hotels, entertainment venues, and gambling floors is running into funding issues.

The 19 million square foot CityCenter, the largest privately-funded development in US history, stands nearly complete on the Strip, but principal investors MGM Mirage and Dubai World can’t seem to find a final $1.2 billion.

The project, started in 2005 and slated for completion this fall, already has a dodgy history, now standing billions over budget.

Things have gotten so dire that Nevada Senators Harry Reid and John Ensign started working the phones recently, calling banks and asking them to take a second look at financing the scheme–defensibly so, given that at least 12,000 local jobs hang in the balance. (A snapshot of how brutal the employment situation is in Sin City: there have been 90,000 applicants for those positions.)

But Nevada’s senators are asking a tough favor given that revenues in Vegas have fallen to 20 year lows and the prospects for 2009 and 2010 are even worse. As a pure investment, CityCenter looks about as appealing as a dropping large amounts of money into a video poker terminal.

Yesterday things got even bleaker: Dubai World filed a breach of contract lawsuit against nearly broke MGM and seemed to raise doubts about CityCenter’s completion.

If these were funny times, we’d tempted to make some joke about auctioning off the complex and renaming it the White Elephant Hotel and Casino. But… yeah.

The Former USSR: Land Of Colorful Bus Stops

Tuesday, March 24th, 2009

soviet-bus-stops-3

Say what you will about America’s mortal enemy the former Soviet Union, but they built some wild bus stops.

The series was shot by photographer Christopher Herwig. Click through for a few more samples:

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For 14th Month In A Row, Americans Drive Less — Will The Trend Last?

Monday, March 23rd, 2009

empty_roadIn January, US motorists logged a total of 222 billion road miles. That’s 7 billion fewer–about 3% less–than in January 2008.

Ohio saw a stunning 10 percent drop in vehicle miles traveled, whereas the western U.S. showed a fractional rise.

Some of this regional variation tends to be weather related, but the overall dynamic is clear and seems to be primarily related to the recession. After all, taking 600,000 or so commuters off the road month after month really adds up.

As we’ve learned recently, even very small reductions in miles driven can have outsized effects in reducing traffic congestion, which is a good thing for everyone. But the big question remains whether there is a structural element to all this–might Americans continue to drive less, even after (if?) the economy recovers?

There’s some reason to hope they will.

While there’s not much supporting evidence yet, it’s also not to hard to come up with an argument for why it could happen: consumption is falling and in percentage terms probably won’t ever return to it’s recent norms (Paul Volcker, among others, endorses this idea.) Ultimately that means few shopping trips, fewer car purchases, and fewer vacations. Automobile ownership rates will probably decline a bit, and transit use will probably keep ticking upward. Together with some form of VMT tax or congestion pricing in years ahead, that could (theoretically, anyway) be enough to keep Americans’ road mileage below recent highs.

If true, what does this mean? Probably that we should be thinking less about building new roads than repairing our current ones and improving our transit networks.

Will There Ever Be Vertical Farms In Manhattan?

Monday, March 23rd, 2009

nycfarmModern greenhouses, such as those that cover large portions of southern Spain, produce an increasingly significant percentage of the food that we eat every day. That’s because these “farms” are far more productive than traditional planted fields, using advanced technologies like hydroponics and aeroponics. They also create less pollution because they don’t rely on tractors or plows, which emit a lot of carbon dioxide. Producing food in non-”natural” environments such as these decreases living costs and increases the variety of food available to people around the world.

But some climate change advocates would argue that relying on greenhouses in the world’s sunniest areas to produce our food isn’t good policy because food transportation produces pollution. On average, food found in American supermarkets has traveled 1,500 miles to get there. One solution proposed by the locavore movement, is to encourage people to consume food produced by farms located near their homes. But in big metropolises like New York or Los Angeles, with inhabitants spread out over thousands of square miles and few farms particularly close, would this ever be possible?

That’s where the buzzy idea of vertical farming–entertained by Time, the BBC and New York Times, among many other media outlets–comes in. Think of a vertical farm as a skyscraper of greenhouses, stacked one on top of the other. Though no such farm exists today, the idea is to produce fruit and vegetables in the center of our cities to minimize transportation costs and pollution.

The Vertical Farm Project suggests that New York City, for instance, could be outfitted with dozens of 30-story farms, costing hundreds of millions of dollars each.

The real question is not whether a vertical farm could be built - someone with an unlimited supply of funds would surely be able to - but whether such a farm makes any sense economically.

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Down On The Dow? Consider Investing In Chinese Cement

Monday, March 23rd, 2009

cementchinaChina is undertaking a massive infrastructure spending stimulus of its own. A couple of well-placed fund managers thinks the situation offers a great opportunity to invest in cement makers. In recent years China has made and used nearly half the world’s cement. With the half-trillion dollar measure set to take effect, government spending should ensure ongoing demand as the frenetic pace of road building in China continues apace. Beyond that, the country is shutting down a lot of older, dirtier cement factories because of environmental concerns.

Here are videos of the fund managers making the case on CNBC Asia:
Gigi Chan
Victor Chu

(We’d embed them, but they start playing automatically, and that doesn’t seem friendly to our readers.) Photo: Reuters